Reaction Guide
Reaction Guide
| Applications | Palladium Catalysts | Platinum Catalysts | Ruthenium Catalysts | Rhodium Catalysts |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hydrogenation of Nitro (-NO2) | ||||
| Aromatic Nitro to Amines | NCAT 1110-2, NCAT 1110- 5, NCAT 1110-10, NCAT 1110-20 (Pearlman’s catalyst) | NCAT 2423-1, NCAT 2231-3, NCAT 2323-3, NCAT 2241-5, NCAT 2221-3, NCAT 2221-5, NCAT 2221AS-5 | ||
| Aromatic Nitro in Halonitroaromatics | NCAT 1121-1, NCAT 1121- 2, NCAT 1121-5, NCAT 1121-5 | NCAT 2423-1, NCAT 2231-3, NCAT 2323-3, NCAT 2241-5, NCAT 8120-1 | ||
| Aromatic Nitro with Other Functional Groups | NCAT 1110-2, NCAT 1110- 5, NCAT 1110-10, NCAT 1110-20 | NCAT 8120-1 | ||
| Aromatic Nitro to Hydroxylamines | NCAT 1110-2 | NCAT 1110-2 | ||
| Aromatic Nitro to para-Aminophenols | NCAT 1611-1, NCAT 1611- 3 | NCAT 8120-1 | ||
| Hydrogenation of Aliphatic Nitro Groups | NCAT 1110-2, NCAT 1110- 5, NCAT 1110-10, NCAT 1110-20 | NCAT 2423-1 |
| Hydrogenation of CC Bonds | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hydrogenation of CC Double Bonds | NCAT 1110-2, NCAT 1110-5, NCAT 1110-10, NCAT 1611-0.3, NCAT 1110-20 | NCAT 2423-1, NCAT 2231-3, NCAT 2323-3, NCAT 2241- 5, NCAT 2622-1 | NCAT 3111-3, NCAT 3111- 5 | NCAT 4111-5 |
| Hydrogenation of CC Triple Bonds to Aliphatics | NCAT 1110-2, NCAT 1110- 5, NCAT 1110-10, NCAT 1110-20 | NCAT 2423-1, NCAT 2231-3, NCAT 2323-3, NCAT 2241- 5, NCAT 2622-1 | NCAT 4111-5 | |
| Hydrogenation of CC Triple Bonds to CC Double Bonds | NCAT 1110-2, NCAT 1110-5, NCAT 1110-10, NCAT 1110-20, NCAT 1834-5, NCAT 1834-5L | NCAT 2423-1, NCAT 2231-3, NCAT 2323-3, NCAT 2241- 5, NCAT 2622-1 , 5%Pd/CaCO3 | ||
| Hydrogenolysis Reaction | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| O-Debenzylation (Cleavage of the Carbon- Oxygen Bond) | NCAT 1140-5, NCAT 1110- 5, NCAT 1121-5 | |||
| N-Debenzylation (Cleavage of the Carbon- Nitrogen Bond) | NCAT 1140-5, NCAT 1110- 5, NCAT 1121-5 | |||
| Removal of the Cbz (Z) Protection Group | NCAT 1142-5, NCAT 1172- 5 | |||
| Hydrodehalogenation of Aliphatics | NCAT 1134-5 | |||
| Rosenmund Reduction* | NCAT 1834-5 | |||
| Hydrodehalogenation of Aromatics | NCAT 1121-2 | |||
| Reductive Alkylation and Amination |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aldehydes and Ketones to Primary Amines | NCAT 1110-5, NCAT 1110- 10, NCAT 1140-10 | NCAT 2221-3, NCAT 2221-5, NCAT 2221AS-5 | ||
| Aldehydes and Ketones to Secondary Amines | NCAT 1143-5, NCAT 1140- 5 | NCAT 2221-3, NCAT 2221-5, NCAT 2221AS-5 | ||
| Hydrogenation of Aromatics | ||||
| Hydrogenation of Heteroaromatics | NCAT 1130-5 | NCAT 4111-5 | ||
| Hydrogenation of Aromatics (partial) | NCAT 1121-5 | NCAT 2223-5, NCAT 2241-5 | NCAT 3111-5 | NCAT 4111-5 |
| Hydrogenation of Aromatics (total) | NCAT 1110-10 | NCAT 2241-5, NCAT 2221-5 | NCAT 3111-5 | NCAT 4111-5 |
| Dehydrogenation and Oxidations | ||||
| Dehydrogenation of Carbocyclic rings to aromatics | NCAT 1110-10, NCAT 1140-10 | NCAT 3111-5, NCAT 3611- 5 | NCAT 4111-5 | |
| Oxidation of Alcohols and Sugars | NCAT 1110-5 | NCAT 3111-5, NCAT 3611- 5 | ||
| CC Coupling Reactions | ||||
| Heck Coupling, Suzuki Coupling | NCAT 1142-5, NCAT 1243- 5 | |||
| Epoxide Ring Hydrogenations | ||||
| Epoxide to primary Alcohol | NCAT 1110-10, NCAT 1140-10, NCAT 1110-5 | |||
| Functional Group | Applications | Recommended Skeletal Nickel Catalysts (Raney Type) |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrogenation of Nitro(NO2) | Aromatic Nitro to Amines Aromatic Nitro in Halonitroaromatics Hydrogenation of Aliphatic Nitro Groups | SNC 1211 SNC 3211 |
| Hydrogenation of CC Bonds | Hydrogenation of CC Double Bonds/CC Triple Bonds | SNC 1211 SNC 2211 SNC 3211 |
| Hydrogenation of Nitrile(C≡N) | Hydrogenation of Nitrile to Primary Amines Nitrile to Secondary and Tertiary Amines Hydrogenation of CN Triple Bonds to Aldehydes | SNC 4211 SNC 8211 SNC 7211 |
| Hydrogenation of Carbonyl (C=0) | Hydrogenation of Aliphatic Aldehydes and Ketones Hydrogenation of Sugars to sugar alcohols Hydrogenation of Aromatic Carbonyls to Alcohols | SNC 4211 SNC 8211 SNC 6211 |
| Hydrogenolysis Reactions | Dehalogenation of Aromatics Dehalogenation of Aliphatics | SNC 1211 SNC 4211 |
| Reductive Alkylation and Amination | Imine to Primary Amines Imine to Secondary Amines | SNC 1211 SNC 3211 |
| Hydrogenation of Aromatics | Hydrogenation of Heterocyclic ring Hydrogenation of Aromatics (total) | SNC 8211 SNC 1211 SNC 3211 |
| Dehydrogenations and Oxidations | Dehydrogenation of Carbocyclic rings to aromatics Oxidation of Alcohols and Sugars | SNC 1211 SNC 6211 SNC 7211 |